The five essential parts of an executive summary are: 1) Project overview – a brief introduction to the business or proposal, 2) Problem statement – the issue or opportunity being addressed, 3) Proposed solution – what you’re offering and how it resolves the problem, 4) Value proposition – the key benefits and advantages of your solution, and 5) Call to action – the specific next step you want the reader to take, such as funding approval or scheduling a meeting.